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April 30, 2026˜The œJournal of developing areas

Re-Examining Socio-Economic Conditions and Democracy

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Authors

MHMichael B. HallDADinorah AzpuruVanderbilt UniversityDLDominik Lett

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Implication

Research demonstrates the negative impact of infant mortality and ethnic fragmentation on democracy, suggesting modernization theory needs reassessment.

Key Points

  • This research re-evaluates the validity of modernization theory in relation to democracy and socio-economic variables.
  • Retested several modernization theory hypotheses using V-Dem data.
  • Analyzed data from 151 countries over the years 1970 to 2019.
  • Employed two-way fixed effects models on time-series cross-sectional data.
  • Higher infant mortality negatively affects democracy levels.
  • More ethnic fractionalization correlates with lower democracy levels.
  • National income and education did not show a statistically relevant impact.

Cite This Study

Hall et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69f2a47b8c0f03fd6776370ahttps://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2026.a988713
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