Nash Bargaining-Based Cooperative Dispatch of Electric–Thermal–Hydrogen Multi-Microgrids Under Wind–Solar Uncertainty

This paper proposes a collaborative optimal scheduling strategy based on asymmetric Nash bargaining for the integrated electricity–heat–hydrogen multi-microgrid system, which can minimize the overall system operation cost while guaranteeing the dynamic fairness of multi-microgrids energy transactions with full consideration of wind–solar uncertainty. First, a scenario generation method based on temporally correlated Latin hypercube sampling and Wasserstein probability distance-based scenario reduction is adopted to construct representative wind–solar uncertainty scenarios, which effectively mitigates the operational risks arising from wind and solar power output fluctuations in the coordinated dispatch of multi-microgrids. Then, an asymmetric Nash bargaining-based cooperative game model for energy trading is established, with each microgrid’s optimal independent operation cost as the negotiation breakdown point. The alternating direction method of multipliers is used for a distributed solution to obtain the optimal scheme that balances total system cost and trading fairness. Simulation results verify that the proposed strategy can effectively suppress operation risks from renewable uncertainty, significantly cut total system cost by 36.85%, and fully ensure trading fairness among multi-microgrid entities, with favorable engineering application value.