Examines C-C bond formation in alkyl radical coupling, suggesting a multistep process.
C kinetic isotope effect measurements and computational studies are also consistent with this pathway. Treatment of phenoxy(imine)-nickel(II)-aryl complexes with various oxidants generated transient nickel(III) complexes that were detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and intercepted by organozinc reagents to generate C-C bond formation products, supporting the intermediacy of this oxidation state in the overall process.
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Liang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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