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April 30, 2026Technology in SocietyOpen Access

Longitudinal Associations Between Cyberbullying and Cyberhate: The Role of Online Empathy and Moral Disengagement.

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Longitudinal study explores bidirectional links between cyberbullying and cyberhate in adolescents, indicating key psychological predictors.

This study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship between cyberbullying and cyberhate in adolescents and the impact of online empathy and moral disengagement.
Sample of 698 adolescents aged 12 to 18 completed self-report surveys at two time points over one year.
Utilized a cross-lagged panel model controlling for gender and age.
Examined associations between online empathy, moral disengagement, cyberbullying, and cyberhate.
Cyberbullying and cyberhate showed stability and mutual associations over time.
Online empathy at Time 1 negatively predicted cyberbullying at Time 2.
Moral disengagement at Time 1 positively predicted cyberhate at Time 2.

Jiménez-Díaz et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Longitudinal study explores bidirectional links between cyberbullying and cyberhate in adolescents, indicating key psychological predictors.