A Comprehensive Review on Passiflora Edulis

The genus Passiflora includes more than 500 species distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. Among them, Passiflora edulis, commonly known as Passion fruit, belongs to the family Passifloraceae and is widely cultivated for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Various parts of Passiflora edulis such as leaves, fruits, seeds, and peel contain numerous phytochemical constituents including flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, glycosides, and vitamins. These bioactive compounds contribute to a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anxiolytic, and anticancer activities. Traditionally, the plant has been used for the treatment of insomnia, anxiety, gastrointestinal disorders, hypertension, and diabetes. This review focuses on the taxonomy, vernacular names, phytochemical constituents, traditional uses, and pharmacological activities of different parts of Passiflora edulis using various solvent extracts such as ethanol, methanol, aqueous, and petroleum ether extracts.