Determination of ESBLs, pAmpC-beta-lactamase genes, and plasmid replicon types among Shigella species from different cities in Iran.

Key Points

• The aim is to identify ESBL and pAmpC-beta-lactamase genes and plasmid replicon types in Shigella species across Iran.
• Sample collection from various cities in Iran
• Molecular testing for ESBL, pAmpC genes and plasmid replicon types
• Comparative analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns
• High prevalence of ESBL genes in Shigella species
• Detection of multiple plasmid replicon types associated with antibiotic resistance
• Increased antibiotic resistance challenges treatment options.