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French archaeological activities undertaken at Grai Resh have provided evidence for a local centre from the late 5th/beginning of the 4th Millennium B.C. (between the Ubaid period and Uruk expansion) charactarized by long-distance contacts and exchanges, engaged in a competitive process that led to its destruction around 3600 B.C. and to the foundation of new settlements elsewhere.
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Kepinski et al. (2025) studied this question.
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