freeze-thaw cycles to form a cartilage-inspired composite (PVA/HAPA/MXene-PEEK). The composite exhibited a high water content of 83.0% and characteristic biphasic lubrication behavior. Moreover, it exhibited exceptional lubricating performance against various counterface materials, reducing the coefficient of friction with TC4 to as low as 0.033. This improvement is attributed to the hydration layer provided by HAPA and the potential interfacial lubrication contribution of MXene. The composite further showed good cytocompatibility. Overall, this design offers a promising biomimetic strategy for improving lubrication in MTP joint prostheses, while noting that direct evidence of MXene transfer and antibacterial activity warrants future investigation.
Pu et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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