Rapidly progressive Hodgkin lymphoma causing superior vena cava syndrome in late pregnancy: a case report and literature review

Figures

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  Figure 1. Contrast-enhanced chest CT images demonstrating superior vena cava syndrome. Panels (A, B) show axial sections, and panels (C, D) show sagittal reconstructions. CT of the thorax demonstrating a bulky mediastinal mass (*) causing extrinsic compression of the superior vena cava (arrow), consistent with superior vena cava syndrome.

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  Figure 2. Histopathological characterization of the mediastinal lymph node. (A) Reticulin stain highlighting the fibrotic framework of the lymphoid tissue. (B) Hematoxylin and eosin staining showing lacunar-type Reed–Sternberg cells (arrow) and sclertoic bands (*). (C) Immunohistochemistry for CD15 demonstrating strong membranous positivity. (D) Immunohistochemistry for CD30 showing diffuse strong positivity, consistent with classical Hodgkin lymphoma.

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  Figure 3. Postpartum PET/CT scan demonstrating metabolically active lymph nodes in the neck and a bulky mediastinal mass (*), consistent with lymphoproliferative disease. Additional focal uptake is seen in individual lymph nodes within the supradiaphragmatic paracardiac fat and preesophageal region. A nodule in the S3 segment of the right lung is noted but too small for characterization. Bilateral pleural effusions are present without FDG uptake. Hepatosplenomegaly is also observed.

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  Figure 4. Comparison of contrast-enhanced CT and PET/CT images of the mediastinal mass (*). The CT images show bulky mediastinal lymphadenopathy, while the PET/CT images demonstrate intense FDG uptake in the same regions, highlighting metabolically active disease.

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  Figure 5. Timeline of the patient’s couse.