Internationalization of higher education in Türkiye: The process of isomorphism with the Bologna system

The primary purpose of institutional theories is to explain why organizations exhibit similarities. The common theme in all these studies is their sociological basis, the increasing importance of the environment, the necessity for organizations to resemble other organizations in their environment, and their perception of organizations as links in a chain. This study argues that, as suggested by institutional theories, the higher education systems of countries are becoming increasingly similar to each other thanks to the Bologna system. Efforts to align Türkiye’s higher education system with the Bologna system are explored. The study concludes with a literature review using qualitative research methods.