Parametric Finite Element Analysis and Stress-Sharing Behavior of Friction Ring Springs

This paper presents a finite element study of friction ring springs, with emphasis on the internal stress distribution between inner and outer rings and their damping capacity. A detailed two-dimensional axisymmetric model was developed and compared against experimental measurements, showing close agreement in load–displacement response. In parallel, the classical analytical approach was validated in terms of stress and deformation values. To enable efficient parametric studies, a reduced one-element finite element model representing the periodic structure of the spring was also developed. This simplified model reproduces the response of the complete axisymmetric model while reducing the computational cost by over 80%. Beyond reproducing global mechanical behavior, the study provides detailed insight into the ring interactions as a function of the cone angle, friction coefficient, and the ratio of inner to outer cross-sectional areas. The results show that an optimal design should favor higher circumferential stresses in the inner rings, as their compressive stress state and radial confinement make them more resistant to buckling and crack initiation than the outer rings, which are subjected to tension. The findings provide useful guidelines for the modeling and design of friction ring springs and contribute to the broader understanding of friction-based energy-dissipation systems.