Fathers’ play beliefs and play participation as predictors of children’s playfulness

February 6, 2026

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The study aims to investigate the roles of fathers’ play participation, play beliefs, and demographic characteristics in predicting preschool children's playfulness.
Involved 231 father-child pairs from preschool age in Denizli.
Collected data through the Parent Play Participation Scale, Play Beliefs Scale, and Playfulness Scale for Children.
Analyzed relationships using Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analysis.
Fathers’ play participation positively predicts children's playfulness, identified as the strongest predictor.
Participation differed based on perceived income level and father’s age, with lower participation in fathers with lower income and older age.

Examines how fathers' beliefs and participation predict preschool children's playfulness, suggesting important implications for child development.

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Özdemir et al. (2026) studied this question.

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