Estrogens and estrogen-like substances are widely distributed in animals and plants, and it is now clear that estrogens have both nuclear and nonnuclear actions. This review article summarizes the production, metabolism, and actions of estrogens, with particular attention to the nuclear actions of estrogens and the mechanisms that underlie the different estrogen-agonist and estrogen-antagonist actions of selective estrogen-receptor–modulating drugs.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Gruber et al. (2002) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: