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Version 1.0 of this paper established the Nile as the primary architectural agent of the Great Pyramid of Giza — providing flood-season hydraulic transport infrastructure, elevated water access, and environmental construction conditions that resolved key logistical impossibilities of the conventional carved-block-and-ramp model. Version 2.0 extends this framework into a fully integrated construction mechanism: the Staged Pool Geopolymer Cast Model (SPGCM). In this model, the Nile delivered not finished blocks but raw limestone slurry. The open central core of the pyramid functioned as a pressurised hydraulic conduit, delivering water and slurry feed to sealed horizontal pool stages at each construction level. Geopolymer concrete — a re-agglomerated limestone binder well evidenced in existing peer-reviewed materials science literature — was cast in place at each stage, with the cured concrete of each completed level forming both the structural body and the pool containment walls for the next level above. This mechanism resolves the manpower problem, the upper-course logistics problem, the joint-precision problem, and the material composition anomalies independently confirmed by Barsoum (Drexel University, 2006) and Davidovits (Geopolymer Institute). It is grounded in demonstrable engineering principles: hydraulic pressure mechanics, geopolymer chemistry, staged formwork construction, and fluid statics. Each principle is independently verified in modern civil engineering practice.
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Nicolas Antony Brown (2026) studied this question.
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