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May 6, 2026Psychology of Addictive BehaviorsOpen Access

When are bystanders more likely and confident to act: Validation of the Bystanders to Alcohol Risk Scales—Willingness and self-efficacy.

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Authors

NBNancy P. BarnettRJRichard N. JonesMHMichelle Haikalis

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Overview

Validation reveals self-efficacy is linked to bystander behaviors in alcohol risk scenarios, suggesting a need for targeted interventions.

Key Points

  • The study aimed to assess new measures of willingness and self-efficacy related to bystander intervention in alcohol-related situations.
  • Participants completed measures evaluating willingness, self-efficacy, and related validity assessments.
  • Constructs were evaluated based on scenarios differing by situation, relation to the target, and target gender.
  • Multivariate variance decomposition and bivariate correlations were used to assess validity and reliability.
  • The constructs of willingness and self-efficacy showed strong fit with data.
  • Self-efficacy was higher for friends compared to strangers and influenced by the target's gender.
  • Participants were generally more willing and confident to act when the target was a woman.

Cite This Study

Barnett et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69fa8eac04f884e66b53109dhttps://doi.org/10.1037/adb0001141
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