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This review aims to evaluate the potential of cervicovaginal cytology and molecular biospecimens for detecting ovarian cancer.

May 6, 2026MedicinaOpen Access

The Papanicolaou Smear Reimagined: A Narrative Review of Cervicovaginal Cytology and Molecular Biospecimens for Ovarian Cancer Detection

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This review aims to evaluate the potential of cervicovaginal cytology and molecular biospecimens for detecting ovarian cancer.
Synthesis of existing literature on cervicovaginal cytology and molecular analyses in ovarian cancer detection.
Analysis of sensitivity and specificity of various cytological findings and molecular tests.
Proposal of a reflex-to-molecular model for high-risk findings.
Cervicovaginal cytology shows low sensitivity for ovarian cancer detection, with rates from 0.004% to 19.3%.
Specific findings like atypical glandular cells and psammoma bodies increase the risk prediction for ovarian cancer.
Molecular approaches targeting TP53 mutations and DNA methylation biomarkers show higher sensitivity up to 81%.

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Narrative review reveals cervicovaginal cytology and molecular analysis enhance ovarian cancer detection, suggesting a new integrated approach.

Cokan et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Narrative review reveals cervicovaginal cytology and molecular analysis enhance ovarian cancer detection, suggesting a new integrated approach.