Deterministic derivation shows a kinematic mass dressing in electron mass using Clifford Torus modeling, implying insights into subatomic kinematics.
Within the Topological Superfluid framework, the proton-to-electron mass ratio (Rp/e ≈ 1836.118) is derived geometrically, yielding a theoretical bare electron mass of $0.510994$ MeV. However, this theoretical baseline differs by $5$ eV from the empirical CODATA maximum bound ($0.510999$ MeV). This supplementary paper aims to demonstrate that this discrepancy can be accounted for by the deterministic consequences of macroscopic fluid kinematics. By modeling the Unknot not as an idealized 1D line, but as a continuous, finite solid torus (a Clifford Torus) embedded in an S³ space-medium, we evaluate the external boundary drag incurred during its fundamental radial Zitterbewegung. The spatial integration of this non-linear volumetric displacement yields a $+5$ eV kinematic mass dressing without relying on empirical parameters, offering a potential closure to the mass gap and supporting the macroscopic hydrodynamic modeling of subatomic kinematics.
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Reggie G A Jr (2026) studied this question.
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