Knowledge, attitude and practices of shisha smoking among dental college students of Lucknow City (U.P.) India: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study

Introduction: Tobacco smoking is listed as one of the top ten health indicators in the objectives outlined by the “World Health Organization’s Healthy People 2020” initiative. Hookah tobacco presents a significant health risk due to the widespread misconception among college students that this product is harmless and non-addictive. Evaluating practices is a crucial initial step to mitigate the spread of shisha use. Additionally, comprehending its usage patterns and addiction is vital for formulating effective prevention and cessation strategies. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess shisha smoking-related knowledge, attitudes and practices among students of dental institutions of Lucknow city (U.P.) India. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study utilizing a self-designed, close-ended questionnaire was conducted. The study received approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Categorical data were presented as frequencies ( n ) and percentages (%). Comparisons between categorical groups were made using the Chi-square (χ2) test. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software (Windows version 22.0). Results: Among the 1050 dental students surveyed, the prevalence of shisha smoking was 59.1%. The prevalence was significantly higher in males (69.1%) compared to females (39.7%), with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 83.75, P < 0.001). Categorical data were reported as frequencies ( n ) and percentages (%). Conclusion: This study provides essential data to authorities and health policymakers, facilitating a deeper comprehension of the adverse health effects and misconceptions related to shisha use.