Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Reinforced With a Nanofiller Synthesized by the Coprecipitation Method

Aim: Modification of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) using nanofillers is a promising approach to enhance its clinical performance. This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness and color stability of conventional GIC after modification with a synthesized 70:30 hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HA/CTS) nanocomposite. Materials and Methods: = 0.05). Results: < 0.05). Higher nanocomposite loading (5 wt.%) resulted in significantly increased surface roughness and clinically perceptible color alteration. Conclusions: Incorporation of the 3 wt.% 70:30 HA/CTS nanocomposite into conventional GIC produced a smoother surface and acceptable esthetic outcome, suggesting a promising formulation for improved clinical performance.