Background: Genetic predisposition is one of the many factors contributing to the multifactorial etiology of head and neck cancers (HNCs), a varied group of tumors. This study examined the relationship between the risk of HNC in the population of Southern Punjab, Pakistan, and two single-nucleotide polymorphisms: ADH1B rs1229984 and NAA25 rs4767364. Methods: Sixty histologically verified HNC patients and 60 matched healthy controls, participated in a case-control study. A structured Performa was utilized to gather demographic information. Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR was used to genotype the genomic DNA that was isolated from blood samples. SPSS (v23) and online calculators were used to conduct statistical studies, such as odds ratios and chi-square tests. Results: The heterozygous CT genotype was more common in cases, and the ADH1B rs1229984 variant was statistically significantly associated with HNC ( P = 0.034). Similarly, there was a higher frequency of the AG genotype in patients than in controls, indicating a stronger link ( P = 0.003) with the NAA25 rs4767364 variant. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between HNC risk and demographic factors such as age, smoking, anemia, and oral hygiene (tooth brushing; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The results imply that the Southern Punjab population may be more susceptible to HNC due to the polymorphisms of ADH1B rs1229984 and NAA25 rs4767364. Together with modifiable risk factors, these genetic markers may help guide future screening plans and advance the creation of individualized preventative and therapeutic treatments. To confirm these correlations and clarify underlying mechanisms, extensive research and functional evaluations are necessary.
Sadeeq et al. (Tue,) studied this question.