First report of knowledge and practices towards toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in primary care in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Context: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ). This infection can lead to important manifestations in children with placental transmission. Toxoplasmosis can be avoided by simple hygiene measures, and prenatal care is important for pregnant women. Aim: This study aimed to investigate knowledge about toxoplasmosis and practices that prevent this infection among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 19 selected primary healthcare units in the district of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. A completed survey form was administered to each woman after obtaining informed consent. The questionnaire included items on the parasite T. gondii , transmission modes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention and control strategies. Results: Pregnant women were unaware of toxoplasmosis and its effects; only 8% indicated that they had heard or seen information about toxoplasmosis. Among pregnant women, 7% owned a cat, and 13.51% of them cleaned up their cat’s droppings. Gardening was practiced by 8%. Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 52%. The main risk factors for contamination were lack of knowledge about toxoplasmosis and consumption of undercooked meat, raw milk, and untreated water. Conclusion: This is the first study regarding the knowledge and practice of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Côte d’Ivoire. Poor knowledge regarding T. gondii infection and practices among pregnant women was found. Educational interventions are highly needed for pregnant women prenatally. This information could help reduce the vertical transmission of Toxoplasma infection during pregnancy.