exposure); few studies assessed other climate-related outcomes such as heat stress or wildfires. CONCLUSION: Climate change is an active driver of pediatric morbidity in Europe, posing urgent respiratory, neurological, and perinatal risks amplified by social inequality. Protecting future generations demands a paradigm shift in healthcare that moves beyond treating acute symptoms to addressing upstream environmental drivers, including the integration of environmental exposure data into clinical practice. WHAT IS KNOWN: • Children are biologically vulnerable to environmental hazards and more prone to climate-related exposures. • Europe is warming up faster than other continents; therefore, children in Europe are at increased risk of climate-related adverse health outcomes. WHAT IS NEW: • This scoping review confirms climate change may lead to increased pediatric morbidity in Europe, linking air pollution, heat stress, and wildfires to perinatal, respiratory, metabolic, and neurological risks. • European studies regarding climate change and children's health have mainly focused on the impact of air pollution, but hardly focused on the impact of heat stress, highlighting the need for broader research and a coordinated pan-European change in political interventions tackling climate change.
Berg et al. (Tue,) studied this question.