Interregional outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium linked to fresh cheese: A case-case study guided by whole genome sequencing (WGS), Portugal, March-June 2024

Key Points

The study aimed to identify the source of a Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak using whole genome sequencing and a case-case design.
Conducted a case-case study comparing outbreak cases with historical salmonellosis cases.
Performed whole genome sequencing on 58 Salmonella isolates from the outbreak period.
Calculated odds ratios for food exposures using logistic regression based on surveillance data.
Cluster cases had a significantly higher odds ratio of 18 for fresh cheese consumption compared to historical cases.
Environmental and product tests from the cheese production site tested negative for Salmonella spp.
The findings support fresh cheese as the most likely transmission vehicle for this outbreak.

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Case-case study identifies fresh cheese as a likely vehicle for Salmonella Typhimurium in Portugal, suggesting new outbreak investigation methods.

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Schreeb et al. (2026) studied this question.

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