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This study aims to assess the carbon emission efficiency of airlines and the factors influencing their performance from 2015 to 2021.

Airline Carbon Emission Efficiency Study: Static and Dynamic Perspectives

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Randomized trial investigates carbon emission efficiency changes among global airlines, highlighting implications for sustainable practices.

This study aims to assess the carbon emission efficiency of airlines and the factors influencing their performance from 2015 to 2021.
Analyzed carbon emission efficiency of 18 global airlines using a two-stage super-efficient slack-based measure model (SBM).
Employed the SBM-based Hicks–Moorsteen productivity index for dynamic productivity assessment.
Conducted absolute β-convergence tests to evaluate the catch-up effect among airlines.
Mean static efficiency ranged from 0.225 for American Airlines to 0.662 for Singapore Airlines, with an average of 0.44.
Dynamic productivity index dropped from 0.962 to 0.526 during 2019–2020 due to COVID-19, with recovery above 1.5 for Emirates and Singapore Airlines post-2020.
Efficiency analysis revealed that operational efficiency exceeded production efficiency in 16 out of 18 airlines, emphasizing technological improvement needs.

Zhou et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Randomized trial investigates carbon emission efficiency changes among global airlines, highlighting implications for sustainable practices.