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Power modules are used in telecommunications equipment, computer servers, industrial equipment, and consumer electronics to provide an integrated power management solution. Nonisolated stepdown modules are the most widely used in today's distributed power systems, which must support integrated circuits (ICs) with lower supply voltages. They are composed of an integrated buck regulator [or a controller with two metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs)], an inductor, input and output capacitors, and some auxiliary components. In a small package, the power modules should integrate all of the functions of their counterparts designed with discrete components so that the systems design engineers do not need to spend too much time on the power supply solution, saving time for product development.
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David L. Cooper (2016) studied this question.
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