Experiences from national biodiversity data infrastructures in Europe: advancing data integration and community engagement

The urgent need for comprehensive biodiversity data is driven by rapid biodiversity loss due to human activity. Drawing on insights from established national biodiversity data infrastructures in Europe, this article highlights eight key considerations for strengthening national data infrastructures—particularly in enhancing stakeholder engagement through improved data availability and accessibility. We emphasize the importance of collaboration among diverse stakeholders to enhance data sharing and integration. By utilizing technological advancements, implementing international standards for data interoperability under FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) conditions, establishing robust communication strategies, and providing necessary training and legal guidance, these infrastructures can support effective data mobilization. Furthermore, promoting a culture of collaboration among stakeholders enhances the quality and applicability of biodiversity data for scientific research, policy, and conservation efforts. Our recommendations aim to ensure that national biodiversity data infrastructures effectively contribute to achieving the UN Global Biodiversity Framework targets and Sustainable Development Goals by encouraging strong partnerships and efficient data management practices.