Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
This revised geometric formulation resolves Hubble tension without dark energy, impacting cosmological models.
This work is a completely revised and expanded version of the preprint "The Addressing Space-Time Protocol (ASTP)" (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18905854), uploaded by the author on 2026-03-09 solely for the purpose of establishing priority for the core ideas: a discrete 3‑sphere, an expanding 4‑ball, and the informational nature of physical interactions. The new version (v6.0) replaces the earlier one. It presents a rigorous geometric formulation with a fit to the Pantheon+ supernova data, resolving the Hubble tension without dark energy, and honestly discusses open issues (flatness, CMB).
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Sergei Chernousenko (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 8 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: