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May 8, 2026Annals of Medicine and SurgeryOpen Access

Cytomegalovirus-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis revealing systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report

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Authors

SEShreyas EllurGandhi Medical College & HospitalAFAwais FarooqGandhi Medical College & HospitalNRNaman RaiGandhi Medical College & Hospital

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Implication

Randomized trial evaluates concurrent CMV-induced HLH in SLE, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

Key Points

  • This case report details the rare coexistence of cytomegalovirus-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • Case presentation of a 33-year-old woman with prolonged fever and autoimmune features.
  • Laboratory tested for CMV reactivation and confirmed secondary HLH using HLH-2004 criteria.
  • Treatment included intravenous methylprednisolone and antiviral therapy with ganciclovir.
  • Patient met six of eight HLH-2004 criteria, with an HScore of 301 (>99% probability).
  • Laboratory values normalized within 2 weeks following treatment.
  • Clinical improvement noted, with significant response to early diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Cite This Study

Ellur et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69fd7f25bfa21ec5bbf078fdhttps://doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000005104
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Development and Validation of the HScore, a Score for the Diagnosis of Reactive Hemophagocytic Syndrome2014 · 1,506 citations
  2. 2HLH‐2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis2006 · 5,463 citations
  3. 3Understanding B‐cell activation and autoantibody repertoire selection in systemic lupus erythematosus: A B‐cell immunomics approach2018 · 81 citations
  4. 4Recommendations for the management of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults2019 · 1,117 citations
  5. 5Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Complicated by Cytomegalovirus-Induced Hemophagocytic Syndrome and Colitis.2002 · 57 citations