Finds high frequency of beta-lactam resistance in wild birds, suggesting environmental contamination.
(n = 2). Species-specific results confirmed the highest frequency of resistance genes in gulls. The Frequency of resistant isolates was significantly higher in Groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.001). The resistance profiles identified in gulls especially those feeding at landfills or in direct contact with human, animal, and agricultural waste suggest a likely anthropogenic and/or zoonotic origin of the beta lactam resistance observed in this study conducted in Marmara Region.
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Halaç et al. (2026) studied this question.
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