Thinking outside-the-box: A perspective into non-traditional invasive species management practices

Invasive species have been known to be a disruptive force ecologically, economically, and socio-politically. Determining the impacts invasive species may have after introduction and establishment can be burdensome and expensive, particularly for species with intricate life histories and unique adaptations. In these situations, there may be deficits in ecological risks assessments and management plans, requiring the need for research that exceeds the bounds of typical management frameworks. This perspective serves to highlight the application of outside-the-box invasive species research through a variety of themes, while demonstrating the need for its continued development to protect global biodiversity and conservation efforts.