Distress tolerance and posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

= -0.335, 95% CI -0.379, -0.289). Moreover, ESs for the DT-PTSD association were significantly greater for studies which examined self-reported DT compared to those that examined behavioral DT. The number of traumatic event types experienced (trauma load) was the most consistent moderator of the DT and PTSD association. The clinical implications of the role of DT in PTSD are discussed.