This review outlines future directions in antihypertensive therapy, emphasizing the need for drugs that not only normalize blood pressure but also prevent or reverse target organ damage such as left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis.
Hypothesis-generating for organ-protective antihypertensives; leaves open which agents best regress LVH and fibrosis in trials.
Future directions in antihypertensive treatment will rely on our present experience with antihypertensive drugs, on new concepts of cardiovascular regulation and on novel antihypertensive agents. At present, we seek early detection of hypertension; treatment should focus on normalization of blood pressure, the reversal or prevention of left ventricular hypertrophy, associated coronary artery disease and on the prevention of, or reparation of, myocardial fibrosis and microangiopathy. Therefore, combination therapy is advisable in severe cases, and any monotherapy should focus on the pharmacological principles compatible with these goals. ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists appear to meet these requirements. There are, in addition, novel drugs i.e. angiotensin II receptor antagonists and renin inhibitors, as well as therapeutic stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide by L-arginine, the inhibition of endothelin-1 mediated vasoconstriction, and potassium-channel openers. All are examined in this contribution to delineate the perspectives in antihypertensive therapy.
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Maisch et al. (1995) studied this question.