Case report highlights metastatic Leydig cell tumor outcomes in a male patient, suggesting critical surveillance needs.
Leydig cell tumors are rare sex cord-stromal neoplasms, mostly benign, with about 10% malignant. A 42-year-old man presented with a 6 cm right testicular mass and sclerotic bone lesions, normal tumor markers, and no lymphadenopathy. Orchidectomy showed a Leydig cell tumor with vascular invasion but no marked atypia. Follow-up was irregular. After 24 months, imaging revealed an 8 × 7.5 cm retroperitoneal mass; biopsy confirmed metastasis. RPLND removed a single involved lymph node. Testosterone fell from >120 nmol/L to 2.30 nmol/L postoperatively. Despite limited risk factors, metastatic disease occurred, highlighting unpredictability, chemoresistance, and importance of surveillance and aggressive surgical management.
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Alslimah et al. (2026) studied this question.
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