Production of rice husk-based particleboard using biomass extract as a binder

The need to reduce the over-dependence on timber increases due to frequent daily deforestation and other related environmental issues. Rice husk's pozzolanic quality makes it the right substitute in particleboard production than timber. Rice husk and biomass extracts are low-cost and locally available in many regions which demonstrates the feasibility of replacing synthetic resins with renewable binders, hence, contributes to the growing field of green composite materials and circular bioeconomy research. The board was produced using crushed rice husk mixed with biomass extract as a binder. Samples were selected for characterisation, upon which the maximum Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) of 747 N/mm 2 and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of 19.42 N/mm 2 were recorded as sample tagged J with adhesive to rice husk ratio (wt. %) of 1:3 within a pressing time of 15 min at a temperature of 75 °C and a density of 466 kg/m 3 respectively. These were compared to other conventional particleboards, and their mechanical properties correspond to the LD-1 requirements (density: 450-490 kg/m 3 and MOE: <500 N/mm 2 ) of ANSI A208.1. This study confirms that rice husk particleboard bonded with biomass extract presents a promising sustainable material for furniture and interior applications, contributing to waste valorization, reduced environmental impact, and advancement in green composite technology.