Fusion of a Primary Maxillary Central Incisor With a Mesiodens: A Case Report

Dental fusion is a developmental anomaly that involves the joining of two developing tooth germs. Although fusion between adjacent teeth has been widely reported, the fusion between a primary tooth and a supernumerary in the primary dentition remains uncommon. It has been reported in isolated case reports without relevant epidemiological studies. We present the case of a 3.5-year-old boy with pain in the upper anterior region. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed fusion between the primary maxillary right central incisor (51) and a mesiodens. Due to symptoms and the extent of carious lesions of the fused tooth, extraction was performed. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges in identifying this anomaly, the differentiation from gemination, and the importance of long-term monitoring of the erupting permanent successor.