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This research investigates the role of kisspeptin neurons in regulating the luteinizing hormone surge during the estrous cycle in female mice.

May 9, 2026eLifeOpen Access

Prolonged oscillating preoptic area kisspeptin neuron activity underlies the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge in mice

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This research investigates the role of kisspeptin neurons in regulating the luteinizing hormone surge during the estrous cycle in female mice.
Used a modified GCaMP fibre photometry procedure to record RP3V kisspeptin neuron activity in vivo.
Monitored LH surge timing through concurrent blood sampling.
Compared neuron activity before and after ovariectomy with different estradiol treatments.
GCaMP activity in RP3V KISS neurons significantly increased during proestrus for 13±1 hr, with oscillations lasting 91±4 min.
The peak LH surge occurred 3.5±1.1 hr after the first detectable baseline oscillation of kisspeptin neurons.
Post-ovariectomy, estradiol failed to change neuron activity, but oscillatory patterns returned during the expected LH surge time.

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Randomized trial reveals kisspeptin neuron activity triggers luteinizing hormone surge in female mice, suggesting key reproductive role.

Zhou et al. (2026) studied this question.

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