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Experimental evidence reveals a single electron transfer mechanism for trifluorination of substrates.
position, the yields were improved by selecting the appropriate amine·HF reagent. The trifluoride was confirmed to be produced by first generating 1,2-difluoro-1,1-diphenylethane, followed by HF elimination to generate 2-fluoro-1,1-diphenylethene, which was then finally difluorinated. Previous radical clock and cyclopropyl motif experiments had not demonstrated the existence of a radical cation intermediate. However, the fluorination of substrates bearing 2-(methylthio)phenyl and 2-(phenylthio)phenyl groups experimentally demonstrated the existence of radical cation species.
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Kitamura et al. (2026) studied this question.
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