433 Neurodevelopmental effects of maternal diabetes in 12-month-old children

Objectives/Goals: Maternal diabetes is associated with increased inflammation during pregnancy, which may elevate the risk of motor, cognitive, and language delays in their offspring. Our objective is to characterize the neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months of age in children born to diabetic mothers using two validated assessment tools. Methods/Study Population: We assessed 54 children across three groups: type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) (T1DM n = 6), type 2 DM (T2DM n = 24), and control (n=24). Neurodevelopment was assessed using two standardized tools: the Ages and Stages Questionnaire 3rd edition (ASQ-3), a parent questionnaire, and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 4th edition (BSID-IV). The ASQ-3 is composed of five domains: Communication, Gross Motor, Fine Motor, Problem Solving, and Personal-Social. The BSID-IV is also composed of five domains: Cognitive, Language (Receptive and Expressive), Motor (Gross and Fine), Social-Emotional, and Adaptive Behavior. For this study, we assessed only the Cognitive and Language domains of the BSID-IV. We used the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel (CMH) Mean Scores test to compare the mean scores across the three groups. Results/Anticipated Results: The ASQ-3 showed no statistically significant differences between groups across all five domains. However, several children showed delays or were at risk for delays in multiple domains: Communication: (1 [1.85%]; 4 [16%] delayed), Gross Motor: (4 [7.4%] delayed), Fine Motor: (13 [24.1%] at risk; 7 [12.9%] delayed), Problem Solving: (9 [16.7%] at risk; 11 (20.3%) delayed, and Personal-Social: 8 [14.8%] at risk, 10 (20%) delayed). Similarly, the BSID-IV showed no statistically significant group differences in Cognition and Language. However, below-average performance was observed in both domains. For Cognition, 14 children (25.9%) scored below average (T1DM:1 [1.85%], T2DM: 7 [12.9%], Con = 6 [11.11%]). For Language, 12 children (22.22%) (T1DM = 1 [1.85%], T2DM = 4 [7.4%], and Con = 7 [12.9%]). Discussion/Significance of Impact: Children from all groups had delays in fine motor, problem-solving, personal-social, cognitive, and language development. These findings suggest that maternal diabetes may influence neurodevelopment. We suggest that these children have continued neurodevelopmental follow-up with their pediatrician to improve these delays.