IMPACT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON LIVESTOCK (In the Conditions of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic)

Global climate change is one of the main factors seriously affecting the sustainable development of the livestock sector. The continental and arid climatic conditions of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic further strengthen these effects. In recent years, rising temperatures, decreasing precipitation, and prolonged drought periods have led to a decrease in the biomass of pasture plants, a weakening of the feed base, and a decrease in animal productivity. Heat stress reduces milk yield in large horned animals, weakens reproductive performance, and increases susceptibility to diseases. Studies show that a decrease in pasture productivity increases feed costs for farms and limits economic profitability. The article analyzes the effects of climate change on animal health, productivity and the economy of the region on a scientific basis, and also puts forward recommendations on adaptation measures and sustainable livestock models. The climatic and soil conditions of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic are considered favorable for the cultivation of green fodder plants. Alfalfa, corn, barley-corn mixtures and other plants that yield green mass are cultivated in various zones, and these products are widely used in livestock farms. In local conditions, expanding the green fodder base reduces the need for feed imports and increases the profitability of farms.