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October 1, 2009BMJOpen Access

Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

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Authors

HBHeike A. Bischoff‐FerrariBDBess Dawson‐HughesHSHannes B. Staehelin

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Overview

Meta-analysis demonstrates that high-dose supplemental and active vitamin D reduces falls in older adults, indicating the necessity of achieving target 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations.

Key Points

  • To test the efficacy of supplemental vitamin D and active forms of vitamin D, with or without calcium, in preventing falls among older individuals.
  • Systematic review and meta-analysis searching Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, BIOSIS, and Embase up to August 2008.
  • Included double-blind randomized controlled trials of individuals aged 65 years or older receiving defined oral doses of supplemental vitamin D (cholecalciferol or ergocalciferol) or active forms (1alpha-hydroxycalciferol or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) with specific fall assessment.
  • Identified and analyzed 8 trials evaluating supplemental vitamin D (N=2,426) and 2 trials evaluating active forms of vitamin D (N=624).
  • High-dose supplemental vitamin D (700–1000 IU/day) reduced fall risk by 19% (pooled RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.92; n=1,921 from seven trials), whereas low-dose supplementation (200–600 IU/day) did not reduce falls (pooled RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.35; n=505 from two trials).
  • Achieving serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of ≥60 nmol/l reduced fall risk by 23% (pooled RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.90), while concentrations <60 nmol/l yielded no fall reduction (pooled RR 1.35, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.84).
  • Active forms of vitamin D reduced the risk of falling by 22% (pooled RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.94; n=624 from two trials).

Cite This Study

Bischoff‐Ferrari et al. (2009) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69ff8cbef9e1acab462d618dhttps://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b3692
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