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Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), a medicinal plant native to Southeast Asia, has traditionally been used both as a stimulant to combat fatigue and as a substitute for opium to aid in morphine withdrawal.1 Recent studies indicate that some of the 40 million Americans suffering from chronic pain purchase kratom online to self-treat opioid withdrawal. It is also gaining popularity as a recreational drug.2 Kratom toxicity may present with symptoms such as agitation, anxiety, tachycardia, and palpitations.
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Abubaker et al. (2025) studied this question.
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