What question did this study set out to answer?

To develop and psychometrically validate the Flow State Scale, a 36-item questionnaire designed to assess the nine dimensions of optimal experience during sport and physical activity.

March 1, 1996Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Optimal Experience: The Flow State Scale

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Authors

SJSusan A. JacksonMind Australia HMHerbert W. MarshUniversity of Southern California

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Implication

Psychometric evaluation demonstrates structural validity of the 36-item Flow State Scale in athletes, confirming a multidimensional model of optimal experience in sport.

Key Points

To develop and psychometrically validate the Flow State Scale, a 36-item questionnaire designed to assess the nine dimensions of optimal experience during sport and physical activity.
Generated 36 items (four per subscale) based on flow theory, previous literature, and qualitative interviews with elite athletes.
Administered the instrument to 394 athletes to evaluate reliability and dimensional structure.
Conducted confirmatory factor analyses to assess both first-order nine-factor and hierarchical higher-order factor models.
Demonstrated acceptable internal consistency across the nine subscales among 394 athletes (reported alpha M = .83).
Confirmatory factor analyses supported the proposed nine-factor structure representing theoretical dimensions of flow.
Hierarchical factor analysis confirmed that a single global flow construct accounts for correlations among the nine first-order factors.

Cite This Study

Jackson et al. (1996) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a00696bb124fe581985e03a https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.18.1.17

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Implication

Psychometric evaluation demonstrates structural validity of the 36-item Flow State Scale in athletes, confirming a multidimensional model of optimal experience in sport.

Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Optimal Experience: The Flow State Scale

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Optimal Experience: The Flow State Scale

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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