What question did this study set out to answer?

To review the drug discovery history, chemical structures, bactericidal mechanisms, and resistance pathways associated with quinolone antibiotics in clinical therapy.

February 1, 2023Infection and Drug Resistance87 citationsOpen Access

Quinolone Antibiotics: Resistance and Therapy

KTKai Tang ZHZhao Heng

Key Points

To review the drug discovery history, chemical structures, bactericidal mechanisms, and resistance pathways associated with quinolone antibiotics in clinical therapy.
Synthesized literature on quinolone discovery, chemical structures, and modes of bactericidal action.
Evaluated bacterial survival mechanisms under quinolone exposure, focusing on genetic mutations, phenotypic variations, and the SOS response.
Quinolone antibiotics exert potent bactericidal activity by targeting bacterial DNA replication machinery, but clinical utility is frequently limited by emergent drug resistance.
Bacterial resistance evolves through both genetic mutations and phenotypic adaptations, with the DNA-damage-induced SOS response playing a central role in bacterial survival and tolerance.

Abstract

The clinical application of quinolone antibiotics is particularly extensive. In addition to their high efficiency in infectious diseases, the treatment process brings multiple hidden dangers or side effects. In this regard, drug resistance becomes a major challenge and is almost unavoidable in the clinical application of quinolones. Both genetic and phenotypic variations contribute to bacterial survival resistance under antibiotic therapy. This review is focusing on the drug discovery history, compound structure, and bactericidal mechanism of quinolone antibiotics. Recent studies bring a more in-depth insight into the research progress of quinolone antibiotics in the causes of death, drug resistance formation, and closely related SOS response after disease treatment at this stage. Combined with the latest clinical studies, we summarize the clinical application of quinolone antibiotics and further lay a theoretical foundation for the mechanism study of resistant or sensitive bacteria in response to quinolone treatment.

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