We have observed isotropic giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in nonmultilayer magnetic systems using granular magnetic solids. We show that GMR occurs in magnetically inhomogeneous media containing nonaligned ferromagnetic entities on a microscopic scale. The GMR is determined by the orientations of the magnetization axes, the density, and the size of the ferromagnetic entities.
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Xiao et al. (1992) studied this question.
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