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May 11, 2026Journal of Geophysical Research AtmospheresOpen Access

Sensitivity of Tropical Cyclone Forecasts to the Loss of Low Earth Orbit Satellite Observations

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Authors

IMIsaac MoradiSKSatya KalluriVTVijay Tallapragada

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Overview

Randomized trial assesses impact of satellite observations on tropical cyclone forecasts, indicating critical data sources for accuracy.

Key Points

  • This research aims to evaluate how the loss of low earth orbit satellite observations affects tropical cyclone forecasts.
  • Assessed impact of observing systems on tropical cyclone forecasts using historical cyclone data.
  • Utilized NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System data assimilation framework for analysis.
  • Compared forecasts with and without microwave and infrared satellite data.
  • Excluding microwave and infrared observations led to a significant degradation in track forecasts.
  • Forecasts for maximum wind speed and minimum sea level pressure showed lesser sensitivity to the loss of satellite data.
  • Increasing model horizontal resolution from 25–12 km improved intensity forecasts, though track predictions improved only slightly.

Cite This Study

Moradi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a01720a3a9f334c28272239https://doi.org/10.1029/2026jd046562
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