Mesenchymal stem cell‑derived exosomes loaded with 5‑Fu against cholangiocarcinoma in vitro

. The findings demonstrated that exosomes isolated from mesenchymal stem cells have typical exosome characteristics. Both the incubation and sonication methods successfully loaded 5‑Fu into the exosomes (5‑Fu‑Exos), with the sonication method having a higher loading efficiency than the incubation method. When compared to the free 5‑Fu group, the 5‑Fu‑Exos group significantly inhibited the viability of CCA cells (P<0.01), indicating that 5‑Fu‑Exos can be an effective chemotherapy drug for CCA treatment.