Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
The aim of this review is to examine the contribution which air makes to the overall thermal resistance of garments (primarily) when in use. Issues related to i) air contained in fabrics, between fabric layers, between fabrics and the body, ii) garment design and the presence and effectiveness of closures and vents, and iii) the effects of wind and body movement are addressed. How these issues are affected by changes to body position, movement of air within the garment microclimate and exchange of the garment microclimate air with ambient air are also discussed. Indicators of a change in thermal resistance have generally been restricted to a change in microclimate air movement or to a change in energy required to maintain a thermal plate/manikin at a fixed temperature.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Wilson et al. (2002) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: