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February 1, 2020Transfer European Review of Labour and ResearchOpen Access

The German system of vocational education and training: challenges of gender, academisation and the integration of low-achieving youth

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Authors

SHSimone R. Haasler

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Overview

Policy analysis reveals structural shifts toward academisation in German vocational training, highlighting reduced access for lower-achieving youth and migrants.

Key Points

  • To examine how expanding academisation, gender segmentation, and alternative educational pathways are restructuring Germany's traditional dual system of vocational education and training.
  • Analyzed institutional shifts across the German vocational education and training (VET) landscape, comparing dual apprenticeships with school-based training.
  • Evaluated trends in tertiary education expansion and examined structural access barriers facing lower-achieving youth, migrants, and refugees.
  • Tertiary expansion and the rise of dual study programmes increasingly attract high-performing youth, shifting the dual system away from its traditional baseline.
  • Elevated qualification requirements create significant structural barriers that exclude low-achieving young people, migrants, and refugees from fully qualifying training positions.
  • School-based vocational tracks reflect persistent gender segmentation in the German labour market, limiting equitable integration across career paths.

Cite This Study

Simone R. Haasler (2020) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a02ad6959ea043e4c9e27e9https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258919898115
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The German dual vocational education and training system as ‘good practice’?2015 · 121 citations
  2. 2The Story behind the Evolution of the Dual Systems of VET in Germany and Switzerland Revisited2025
  3. 3The Implementation of Apprenticeship in Vocational Education: A Systematic Review2025
  4. 4Navigating Gender in Dual Education: Comparative Insights Into Access, Learning, and School‐to‐Work Transitions2026
  5. 5The European Vocational Education and Training System: Towards a Unified Approach2024 · 2 citations