Linguo-Cultural Translation Problems of Proverbs From Russian to English

This paper examines the main linguistic and cultural factors that influence the translation of proverbs and sayings from Russian into English. Proverb translation is understood as a complex process that involves not only the transfer of meaning but also the preservation of imagery, stylistic features, and cultural connotations. The findings demonstrate that proverb translation is affected by several key factors, including cultural specificity, metaphorical imagery, lack of direct equivalence, and differences in worldview between languages. The analysis shows that these factors interact dynamically and require the use of various translation strategies, such as full and partial equivalence, descriptive translation, calque, and contextual (overtone) translation. It also shows that achieving communicative effect and pragmatic adequacy is more important than preserving formal and structural similarity.