Modeling and simulation of electric system for small vessels with renewable energy integration

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design and simulation of an integrated electric propulsion system for small boats, with the purpose of optimizing river transport from an environmental and energy perspective. The research proposes a propulsion system that combines an electric motor, a lithium-ion battery-based storage system and a three-phase charger designed for in-port recharging processes. The system components were modeled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink, incorporating real operational data and navigation profiles adapted to typical Colombian river conditions, specifically in the Atrato River. The vessel operating profiles were defined in three main modes: maneuvering (5 knots), economic (12 knots) and maximum speed (27 knots). For each mode, critical variables such as required power, energy autonomy and the frequency of recharges needed on the river route were simulated. The results indicate that operating at low speeds maximizes energy autonomy, reduces the number of refueling stops and allows a shorter cumulative operating time, highlighting higher energy efficiency compared to higher speeds. The article highlights the importance of simulation in the preliminary design of electric propulsion systems, facilitating the optimization of configurations and parameter tuning prior to implementation.